Envirofeast IPM in Cotton: Part 3. Integration with Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV)

Date Issued:1996-08-16

Abstract

Australian cotton production relies heavily on insecticides for the control of the major pests, Helicoverpa spp. , mites and sucking insects (Fitt 1994). An over-reliance on insecticides results in problems of insecticide resistance, disruption of natural enemies and environmental contamination and has cast doubt on the long term viability of reliance on synthetic insecticides. The efforts of the cotton industry is to reduce the dependence on insecticide. This can be achieved by developing control programs that integrate minimal use of pesticides with other forms of control, especially predation by natural enemies of Helicoverpa spp. Despite widespread use of economic thresholds and the so called &quote;soft options&quote; in the current production systems, little emphasis has been placed on beneficial insects, while the reliance on chemicals negates the use of the term integrated pest management (IPM) for such a system. In cotton crops in Australia an average of 8 to 12 insecticide sprays are applied each season to control Helicoverpa spp. and other pests. A true IPM system should conserve natural enemies of the pests using appropriate techniques and utilize them as basic components in the management of these pests. An IPM program is usually a package consisting of different components of pest control which are integrated in stages during the development of the program. Since 1992, we have been developing an IPM program for cotton and have reached a stage where we have produced cotton yields similar to those obtained from crops which has been managed with conventional insecticides. We report here stage 5 of our IPM program where we integrated Envirofeast product and Iucerne crop refugia with Gemstar virus (NPV), a product developed by Biosys Inc.

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