Three methods of determining levels of resistance in H.armigera were evaluated. These included: (i) a standard glass vial test (ii) a tropical application (iii) a leaf disc test

A contribution was made to the last ACGRA conference on "The duration.of insecticidal activity against Heliothis larvae on cotton".

To optimize catches of Heliothis punctigera and H. armigera pheromone blends, dispenser and trap design have been evaluated and modified over a.7 year period.