Murata Vortex Spinning is a spinning technology of the future. It differs from previous air-jet spinning in that it can spin 100% Upland length cotton at speeds of up to 400 m/min. Furthermore the yarn quality is comparable to ring spun yarn quality. However, to achieve these outputs the fibre must be long and uniform in length. The aim of this project was to evaluate Australian cotton in terms of short fibre and nep content, and how these properties effect spinning on the Murata Vortex Spinner (MVS) in terms of yarn quality and spinning efficiency.