The project DAN 33L involved studies of insecticide resistance in the major cotton pests Helicoverpa armigera and Helicovera. punctigera. The aims of the project were : to investigate the mechanisms of pyrethroid insecticide resistance in H.armigera; to develop Helicoverpa bioassay techniques against ovicides, stomach poisons and first instar larvae; to monitor H.armigera resistance to endosulfan, carbamates and organophosphates and to monitor the response of H.punctigera to insecticides