Declining water quality and quantity is a threat to the production of food and fibre worldwide.

Energy costs are the second largest gross margin cost item for Australian cotton growers after wages. Half of this cost is consumed in pumping water for irrigation.

Energy use and efficiency has become increasing important globally due to the increasing cost and scarcity of energy sources (particularly crude oil) and the associated production of greenhouse gasses causing global w

Ginning is an energy intensive process. This project evaluates the energy usage inside the cotton gins in Australia. electricity use is found to range between 44-66 kWh per bale, with national average being 52.3 kWh.