Beneficial insects (generalist predators and parasitoids) occur within cotton agro ecosystems in Australia, but farming systems do not always encourage their survival.

A paper was presented at the fourth international Trichogramma and other egg parasitoid conference titled 'Evaluating egg parasitoids for integrated pest management in Australian raingrown cotton.' Highlight

The objectives of this project were to evaluate the potential of larval parasitoids, principally Microplitis, for use in biological control programs against Helicoverpa spp.

There are, few parasitoids which specifically attack the pupal stage. This is perhaps understandable since pupae are not readily accessible, being in the soil.

Recent research has indicated that two species of native egg parasitoids, Trichogramma (Trichogrammanza) carverae Oatman and Pinto and Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja, have potential as biological control agents o