The RWUE3 team have successfully provided the cotton and grain irrigators with the necessary knowledge and skills to adopt and implement irrigation best practice on farm. This has in turn led to more efficient irrigation practices reflected in increased production per ML. The use of irrigation best management practices has enabled cotton and grain irrigators demonstrate their environmental credentials - something that will be further enhanced by the release and implementation of myBMP. This will also enable improved documentation of the extent of best practices within the industry.The RWUE3 team have continued to support the industry in achieving continued improvements in WUE. This is reflected in the 59 per cent improvement in IWUI within Queensland from 2002-03 to 2007-08. Data from the demonstration sites during RWUE3 show the significant improvements being obtained as a direct result of adopting irrigation best management practices promoted by RWUE3 staff - significant improvements in both GPWUI and IWUI are reported.Current industry performance is GPWUI = 1.13 bales/ML and IWUI = 1.58 bales/ML. Therefore the target of 15% of irrigators achieving an IWUI of 2 bales/ML remains aspirational. Achievement of a IWUI target of 2 bales/ML is only possible where irrigators have made significant investments in new irrigation infrastructure (as demonstrated by the IWUI values achieved for drip and overhead system irrigation in the RWUE3 demonstration sites, and by commercial irrigators using these systems). For surface irrigation systems a more realistic target of GPWUI = 1.39 bales/ML and IWUI = 1.5 bales/ML should be set. This appears achievable based on our current knowledge. It should also be remembered that there is significant variability in the IWUI figure driven by the seasonal conditions experienced from year to year. Other measures should also be considered - particularly those related to achieving the highest possible application efficiencies for all irrigation systems being used.