Cotton fibre quality is attracting more attention as Growers are receiving increased feedback from end users that if Australia is to maintain its position as a world leader in machine picked cotton it must minimise poor fibre properties. High or low micronaire, short fibre, neps and sticky cotton are parameters that mills are becoming concerned about. On-farm agronomy can influence fibre quality in many ways, although picking and ginning will determine the final quality characteristics. Fibre development responds directly to the environment, management and stresses. As a result, correct variety choice for the growing region combined with reduced stress management will optimise fibre quality. Of the manageable stresses, water management is particularly important in determining length, strength and micronaire. Correct defoliation timing is also important in reducing neps. In the future, new fibre measurement instruments are being developed that will supersede some common HVl measurements and help match the spinning characteristics of the cotton more closely to the measured attributes. This will provide improved feedback for growers and ginners and hopefully build a closer link between the enduser and the grower. The development of FIBREpak will hopefully encompass all this information and allow growers to manage for both yield and quality