Resistance is seen as a manifestation of the most basic property of life, namely the capacity of organisms to evolve in response to changing environmental conditions and to adapt to new circumstances.

The adult stages of the two Heliothis species found most abundantly in the summer cropping areas of Australia (H. armigera and .H. punctigera) are easily distinguishable and have been so for some time.

A knowledge of dispersal is essential to an understanding of population control and to the management of insecticide resistance.

Commercial cotton crops in the major New South Wales production areas were inspected during the 1983/84 growing season.

Numerous studies on the effect of the nectariless gene on insect pests of cotton have been carried out both overseas and in Australia.

In 1981 we released SICOT 3 to the industry.

Catches in pheromone traps can provide two types of information of interest to growers and researchers.

With increasing problems of resistance to chemical pesticides amongst cotton pests, especially Heliothis, more attention is being given to biological control agents, including pathogens.

With the appearance of pvrethroid resistance in Heliothis armigera during the 1992/3 cropping season a strategy aimed at limiting the development of widespread resistance was rapidly implemented .H.

At Narrabri we are continuing our breeding program to develop locally adapted early maturing varieties.

The pink spotted bollworm (Pectinophora scutigera) has been an important.pest of cotton since 1924 in coastal, and sub-coastal Dawson-Callide regions of central Queensland.

Different cultivars are now becoming commercially available including Australian bred cultivars, and cotton growers now have a choice of which cultivar to plant.

Intense selection pressure has led to the development of insecticide resistance

At Emerald, in the 1982/83 season, significant levels of field resistance in Heliothis armiger to synthetic pyrethroid insecticides were detected.

The cotton bollworm, Heliothis armiger is a very important cotton pest in Australia.

In recent years sap-sucking bugs have been associated with early season damage.to cotton crops in most of the production centres in New South Wales and Queensland.

I will first mention some of the features distinguishing "Australian Conditions".

This paper reports the initial results from testing different versions of the SIRATAC pest management system in the Namoi Valley for two seasons the experiments were designed to investigate the ability of the program

At the 1982 Australian Cotton Growers' Research Conference the effects of land preparation at different soi1 water contents on soil structure and cotton growth was reported.

Soils that disperse tend to have poor drainage; excessive swelling closes soil pores, which also block up with dispersed clay, sand and silt.